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Saturday, August 6, 2011
Sudan halts southern oil shipment
Vessel loaded with some 600,000 barrels of crude oil produced in South Sudan stands idle at a Sudanese port, blocked over the refusal of the government in Juba to pay customs fees.
South Sudan captured 75 percent of Sudanese oil when it came independent early last month. But since it is landlocked, it must rely on Sudan's export terminal on the Red Sea. Refineries also only exist in the north.
South Sudan's government recently accused Khartoum of waging economic war by charging transit and custom fees that amount to what it called “daylight robbery.
South took 75 percent of the country's 500,000 barrels a day of oil production, Africa's fifth largest. But it depends on the North to use the only cross-border pipeline to the Red Sea outlet of Port Sudan to sell the oil.
On Friday, customs authorities in Port Sudan stopped one shipment because duties had not been paid, a spokesman for the foreign ministry in Khartoum said without giving other details.
"Customs asked for the fees to be paid. They paid last time but not this time," the spokesman said.
He said the action had been the decision of the customs authorities and was not related to current talks between North and South about sharing oil revenues.
The two sides have failed so far to reach an agreement on a transit fee to be paid by the South. Until now both split equally the oil, the lifeline of both economies.
Khartoum is asking for $32 a barrel to use its port, the pipeline and refineries to sell the southern oil, the spokesman said. This is worth roughly a third of South Sudan's export value at current prices. according to Reuters calculations.
"This has to be negotiated. There is no agreement yet," he said, adding that other proposals such as a fixed sum instead of a transit fee were being discussed.
A South Sudan official sought to ease the oil tensions.
"We don't interpret this as a rejection by Khartoum. I do not think this is politically motivated," said David Loro Gubek, undersecretary at the ministry of energy and mining in Juba.
"There are certain procedures at the port that have to be followed. We will wait for clarification tomorrow."
Tensions had seemed to have eased at the end of last month when South Sudan said it saw progress in oil sharing talks with the North only a week after accusing it of waging economic war by demanding a very high pipeline transit fee.
Last month, the northern parliament approved an alternative 2011 budget that lawmakers said included an annual income of $2.6 billion for transit fees -- the same amount expected for the loss of southern oil production.
Refineries are located only in the North. Experts say southern plans to connect to a pipeline in east African neighbor Kenya are years away.
Analysts say Sudan has had little transparency for years about how oil revenues are booked. The country has endured conflict, inflation, corruption and U.S. trade sanctions.
Apart from sharing oil revenues, both sides need to end violence in some parts of their shared border and need to divide up other assets and debt.
Some 2 million people died in Sudan in a decades-long conflict over religion, ethnicity, ideology and oil, although the secession last month was very peaceful.
Sudanese oil flows mainly to Asia, with China buying more than a half of total volumes. South Sudan's production is dominated by Chinese and Indian companies, which have been marketing their crude themselves so far.
Last month, South Sudan also signed a deal with trading house Glencore to help it market crude but a dispute between various officials has threatened to derail the agreement.
Sudanese in Denison celebrate birth of new country
South Sudan’s Ambassador to Kenya Michael Majok Ayom Dor said on Tuesday that over three-quarters of South Sudanese returned home in the wake of country’s independence.
Majok said most refugees decided to go back home in order to help in the reconstruction of their country after two decades of civil war against their northern neighbours that saw them flee their country.
“I believe that eventually they will all go back given the changed circumstances of the region,” the Ambassador said in Nairobi.
“For those South Sudanese who feel strongly attached to Kenya, they can take advantage of the clause in our constitution that guarantees dual citizenship and apply and they will receive equal rights like other South Sudanese,” Majok said.
He said Kakuma Refugee Camp in Northern Kenya still held the highest number of South Sudanese refugees, with the figure standing at 6,000 whereas Nakuru and Eldoret towns have a cumulative number of 7,000 refugees, but who were not staying in any camp.
Majok assured Kenyans and other nationalities to South Sudan that their security will be guaranteed, saying there are many opportunities that can be exploited in Africa’s newest state.
“As a new country, we want to build relations with every country, both regionally and internationally and this requires a lot of effort. We invite investors in different fields to venture into South Sudan and take part in the transformation of the country in various fields.”
He assured investors of security from the South Sudan Government while naming road network, power transmission, health services, education, cultural promotion, information technology, housing, and water and wildlife conservation as among the areas where there were awesome opportunities.
Nuer and Dinka are the two largest language groups of South Sudanese living in Denison; English is used as the principal language when people from other language groups are present, with an exception for special music.
Denison Baptist Church Pastor Marc Wallace hosted the event and opened the meeting with a sermon from the Word of God and spoke on “The Four Biblical Principals of a Healthy and Growing Community.”
Wallace shared that he “felt very humbled when he began walking toward the podium to speak (and) a group of women from Storm Lake stood up and began to sing in Nuer. Then without hesitation, everyone present followed suit, stood and began singing, welcoming (me) and the preaching of the Word of God. Pastor Rankin…was honored in a very similar way when he walked to the podium to give a greeting to the Sudanese community.”
Gony has been living in Omaha, Nebraska, but due to his new appointment in the new government of South Sudan, he and his family will be moving to Juba, Sudan, the Capital of South Sudan.
Gony spoke, sharing about the changes that have occurred in South Sudan and the rebuilding process. He invited the community to wait until they finished with their education in the United States before returning to South Sudan to help rebuild, train and equip people.
South Sudan has designed a flag for their new country and Gony took some time to address questions about the flag from the group gathered at the church. The colors of the flag are black, which stands for the people; red, which represents the blood shed by martyrs for their country; white is for peace; green is for the country, itself, which is rich in agriculture and minerals; and blue is for the waters of the River Nile, which gives life.
Gony emphasized that the single gold star in the middle of the triangle represents the Star of Bethlehem as South Sudan is a Christian nation. Additionally, the symbol represents the unity of the states as one people, he said.
Michael Lindi, who has received a master’s degree and has been teaching at the university level in the United States, shared about the history of Sudan.
A final speaker told the story of the Lost Boys of Sudan who became orphaned during the war. The northern military raided villages and killed the villagers. The young boys in Sudan traditionally cared for livestock so when the raids occurred, they were out with their animals so were left orphaned. Some of the young men died wandering in the desert, others were captured by militant forces that taught them to fight, and others found safe haven in refugee camps.
Many of the Sudanese have experienced a very traumatic life prior to coming to the United States. It was not uncommon for them to spend years in a refugee camp in crowded conditions. With so many people living in such crowded conditions, many adults were left without any active employment. Children were unable to attend schools unless a teacher was available and a makeshift school could be set up. Food and personal supplies were supplied by relief agencies. Life and sustenance was dependent upon the kindness and generosity of many countries, not-for-profit agencies, and volunteers.
Majok Kel Gawech, president of the Denison Sudanese community, invited all in attendance to partake in a meal prepared by the local Sudanese at the conclusion of the meeting.
Kadugli Bishop Appeals to UN to Stop Sudanese Bombings
BENTIU – Over 5,000 refugees have arrived in South Sudan’s Unity State after being displaced by fighting over the last month between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) in the north Sudan state of South Kordofan last June.
Residents gather outside the UNMIS sector headquarters after fleeing fighting in Kadugli, the capital of South Kordofan, Sudan, Thursday, June 9, 2011. (UNMIS)s)
The SPLA say the fighting erupted after the SAF attempted to disarm them in the run up to South Sudan’s independence on July 9. During the North-South civil war disenfranchised groups from the Nuba Mountains in South Kordofan joined the Southern-based SPLA in the war against Khartoum.
Since South Sudan became independent, Khartoum has demanded that SPLA members from North Sudan move to South Sudan, disarm or integrate into SAF. Khartoum says that the fighting, which began in Kadugali on July 5 was triggered by an SPLA attack on a police station.
Around 70,000 people are estimated to have been displaced by the fighting. Most have moved north but some like the 5,113 who entered Unity State moved southward into newly independent South Sudan.
On Thursday Unity State officials witnessed the Situation in Parieng County where many of the refugees had arrived.
Reverend Andudu Adam Elnail, the Anglican Bishop of Kadugli, detailed the deteriorating situation in his home state at a news conference on Friday.
“In my diocese, my offices all they were burned, and also the cyber café with all computers was burned. And my house was shot at and other denominations of churches were burned," he said. "As I speak now, the Catholic Church in Kadugli is occupied by the military. And many people have been killed. They are culling people from house-to-house. Also, some of my congregations, they give me very clear what they saw in the mass graves in Kadugli. And also there was some satellite image was brought to confirm what eyewitnesses they have saw.”
He warned that in the Nuba mountains, which is home to many pro-South Sudan groups, the situation is worsening with aerial attacks that are killing civilians. He added that this is the planting season and warned that the people of Southern Kordofan could face serious food shortages next year because so many have fled and there is no one to farm.
“There is a lot of killing going on and we consider this is ethnic cleansing, so that is why we are calling on the U.N. and the Security Council to consider what is going on in Sudan,” he said.
Reverend Andudu appealed to the U.N. Security Council to stop the bombing and authorize a fact-finding commission to go to Southern Kordofan to verify what is happening there. He also urged the council to press Khartoum to allow in humanitarian agencies to bring food and medicine to those in need and to authorize monitors to watch the situation.
Sudan's southern Kordofan is governed by Ahmed Haroun, who is wanted on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur by the International Criminal Court at The Hague.
Human rights groups say as many as 200,000 people have been displaced by fighting between Khartoum's army and pro-southern elements in Southern Kordofan which broke out on June 5. Activists say Sudan's military is targeting the state's ethnic Nuba people, many of whom backed the south during the 21-year civil war.
This is a state-sponsored ethnic cleansing campaign where the government of Sudan is killing its own people through a campaign of artillery shelling, aerial bombardment, and house-to-house killings,” he said.
Last month, a leaked draft U.N. report said Sudan's army and police may have committed war crimes in Southern Kordofan. But Khartoum has dismissed the report saying the information is biased and untrue.
Currently the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) is preparing to leave the country. Khartoum said it no longer wanted a U.N. presence in the country after the south became independent on July 9.
The U.N. Security Council is expected to discuss Sudan next Thursday, and could receive a briefing on the situation in Southern Kordofan at that time.
UN peacekeeper killed in Darfur attack
KHARTOUM – Sudan on Friday rejected and contrasted allegations accusing the country of delaying medical evacuation of UN peacekeepers in the contested region of Abyei, stoking tension with the world body as France and the U.S. expressed alarm over the incident.
Three wounded Ethiopian peacekeepers serving with the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) died on Thursday after Sudanese authorities refused to clear a UN helicopter for departure to evacuate them. The three blue helmets sustained their injuries when their patrol vehicle hit a landmine in the troubled region. Another peacekeeper died instantly.
Alain Le Roy, the outgoing UN Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations, said that the Sudanese authorities delayed by three hours the take off of a UN Helicopter from the Kadugli, the state capital of the neighboring region of South Kordofan, to collect the wounded peacekeepers who, according to the UN official, died awaiting medical treatment.
The peacekeeper injured Friday, also from Sierra Leone, was transferred to a hospital where he underwent surgery, the U.N.-AU force known as UNAMID said in a statement.
"The attack on our peacekeepers is deplorable and our hearts go out to the families and friends of the deceased," said UNAMID deputy representative Aichatou Mindaoudou Souleymane. "UNAMID is doing all it can to render treatment to the injured, and, with the Sudanese police, to find the perpetrators and bring them to justice,"
The U.N. Security Council in late June authorized a 4,200-strong Ethiopian peacekeeping force to deploy for six months in the contested region of Abyei, which lies between Sudan and the new nation of South Sudan. The U.N. troops are to support an agreement between the two governments that calls for demilitarizing the contested border region near major oil fields that both the north and south claim.
The Ethiopian troops began deploying last month and Le Roy, said about 1,200 are on the ground.
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton expressed alarm Friday at reports that the Sudanese government denied flight clearance for the medical evacuation of the Ethiopians, saying "three wounded soldiers died during this unnecessary delay."
"The United States ... strongly condemns the government of Sudan's non-compliance with its obligation and its obstruction of the work of the United Nations," she said in a statement.
"This tragic incident also underscores the importance of establishing peace and security in Abyei, and between Sudan and South Sudan.
Friday, August 5, 2011
South Sudanese pound
South Sudanese pound is the official currency of the Republic of South Sudan. It is subdivided into 100 piastres. It was approved by the Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly prior to secession on 9 July 2011 from Sudan. It was introduced on 18 July 2011, and replaced the Sudanese pound at par.
The banknotes feature the image of John Garang, the deceased leader of South Sudan's independence movement.
Six different denominations (1, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 pounds) in the form of banknotes have been confirmed, and four denominations (1, 5, 25 and 50 piastres) will be issued in the form of coins.
South Sudan Rebel Group Declares Cease-Fire
I served as the U.S. Envoy to Sudan under President Bush and attended the independence celebration in Juba as a guest of the Southern government. I was joined by many other westerners who had worked with the South over more than two decades to publicize the atrocities taking place, to mobilize humanitarian and development resources, and to work on the political and diplomatic issues. When I took my first trip to Sudan in 1989 during a terrible famine in the South which claimed 250,000 lives I never thought this day would come. But it has.
The new Republic will determine the stability of the nine countries bordering Sudan which have been destabilized by the chaos of the two civil wars and the weakness and dysfunctions of the Sudanese state. The Bashir Islamist government, which took power in a 1989 coup, planned to use South Sudan as a base to spread its ideology across Africa — a threat not lost on African countries with large Muslim populations which have had historically good relations with their Christian neighbors.
The Bashir regime’s ultimate ambitions have not changed; it is the internal weaknesses of the Sudanese state that have constrained their adventurism. In the 1990’s Sudan supported and was headquarters to nearly all of the world’s most violent Islamist groups, including Al Queda. Osama bin Laden lived there.
spokesman for the rebels, Bol Gatkouth, said the group was accepting a recent offer of amnesty extended by South Sudanese President Salva Kiir and will open talks with the government.
The group, led by renegade general Peter Gadet and based in South Sudan's Unity state, is one of several rebel groups fighting government forces in the new country.
President Kiir first offered amnesty to the militias last year and renewed the offer at independence ceremonies on July 9.
South Sudan voted to split from the north in a January referendum. Southern officials have accused Khartoum government of supporting the militias to destabilize the new country.
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